"center">Список литературы

1. Гальскова Н.Д., Гез Н.И. Теория обучения иностранным языкам: Лингводидактика и методика. – М., 2004. – 336с.

2. Гамалей Н.С. К вопросу о непонимании на занятиях по аудированию. // Методика преподавания иностранного языка в ситуации культурной полифонии. Отв. Ред. А.А. Рубченко. – Барнаул: АГУ, 2001. – с. 13-15.

3. Елухина Н.В. Основные трудности аудирования и пути их преодоления. // Общая методика обучения иностранным языкам: Хрестоматия. Сост. А.А. Леонтьев. – М.: Рус. яз., 1991. – с. 226-238.

4. Жинкин Н.И. Механизм речи. – М., 1958.

5. Зимняя И.А. Психология обучения неродному языку. – М.: «Русский язык», 1989. – 219с.

6. Зимняя И.А. Психология обучения иностранным языкам в школе. – М., 1991. – 222с.

7. Карих Т.В. Повышение эффективности обучения аудированию на уроках английского языка. // Иностранные языки в школе. – 1991. - №1. – с. 31-36.

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Список анализируемых УМК

1. УМК Английский язык: Учеб. для 10 класса. Отв. ред. Денисова Л.Г. – М., 1995. – 206с.

2. УМК Английский язык: Учеб. для 10-11 классов. Отв. ред. Кузовлев В.П. –М., 2003. – 336с.

3. УМК Английский язык: Учеб. для 11 класса. Отв. ред. Сафонова В.В. – М., 2001. – 319с.

4. УМК Target First Certificate by Nick Kenny and Roger Johnson. Mass Media 1993

Приложение 1

Задание к тексту для аудирования

Listen to the text and choose the best alternative А, B, C or D.

1We know that the ancient Egyptians played ball games because

A it is mentioned in ancient stories.

B ancient works of art show them.

С sports equipment was found in tombs.

D people have always said so.

2When were racquets invented?

A In the eleventh century.

B In the fifteenth century.

С In the sixteenth century.

D In the nineteenth century.

3Before the nineteenth century

A the games had no rules at all.

B the rules were different in different places.

C nobody followed the rules.

D people couldn't afford to follow rules.

4In the nineteenth century

A many new games were invented.

B many old games were rediscovered.

C the old games were organized more formally.

D new games developed out of the old games.

Приложение 2

Текст для аудирования

Interviewer: I have with me in the studio today John Osgoodby, who is a prominent sports historian. John, welcome.

John: Thanks Ian.

I: Tell us John, if we look at the big spectator sports like cricket, football and tennis, how far back do they go?

J: Well, many sports and games are as old as the human race itself. The ancient Egyptians were playing bat and ball games over 5000 years ago, as can be seen from carvings on tombs and other places. Our modern ball games probably arrived in Europe from North Africa around the eleventh century and spread to England through Spain and France.

I: So, what type of games were there?

J: Well, there were games in which balls were kicked or carried, these were the ancestors of modern football and rugby, and others where balls were hit with sticks and clubs, as in cricket, baseball and hockey. The invention of rackets came much later in about the sixteenth century and from then on we start seeing games like tennis and squash developing.

I: So most of our sports developed out of these old games?

J: Yes, what happened was that each town or district used to have its own version of the same game and people used to work out the rules over the years - and so kept changing them. That's why British and American sports are so different. The early colonists took over versions of football and cricket which were changed over time into American football and baseball.

I: So when did people start playing the modern versions of these sports?

J: Well, in the form in which we know them, most can be dated back to the nineteenth century. But what was happening then was that the games that people had played for centuries were organized formally for the first time. So rules were decided upon and written down where before they had been vague or different in different parts of the country. National leagues or championships could then be formed and the development of public transport meant that it was no longer just one village against another, for example, but a local team regularly meeting others from quite a wide area.

I: But the basic games themselves had been around for a long time before all this?

J: Yes, but in the nineteenth century, especially in schools and colleges, people began to set down rules which everyone had to follow and decide things like what players should wear and what equipment they should use, the size of the pitch or court and all that sort of thing. The industrial revolution meant that standardized equipment could be mass produced for a range of games that developed out of the traditional sports. So we get rugby football, American football and soccer all developing out of the old English football game at about the same time, but in quite different ways. At about the same time tennis, squash and badminton appear, based on the old racket sports but using different equipment, courts and rules.